Learning Helpful Reflective Practices
by Michelle Head, CETL Scholarly Teaching Fellow for Reflective Practices
This article is part of the larger, Reflective Practices for Teaching.
Lifelong learning is a transformative process, and therefore reflection plays a critical role in becoming a lifelong learner. Through the process of reflection, the learner compares their experiences to the values, norms, and expectations that surround them.
Reflective learning processes include (Archer, 2007; Grossman 2008):
- Recognizing issues or critical instances
- Reflecting on one’s capabilities and desires in relation to an issue
- Weighing up contributing social cultures
- Thinking creatively and critically about an issue
- Making informed decisions
- Taking the appropriate actions
When considering learning in the classroom, Novak describes that meaningful learning occurs in three domains: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Therefore, reflection may be used to support learning in each domain.
Focus: How students think and process the content in a course
Reflection related to:
- Critically thinking about the content,
- connection between topics,
- or determining how you came to understand the content and what gaps in your understanding exists (metacognition).
Focus: Kinesthetics, haptic, or tactile motions that are related to the learning process
Reflection related to:
- Reviewing an active process to determine how the learner may improve their performance,
- or reviewing an active process to determine how they responded to an event physically.
Focus: Feelings and emotions associated with the content that is being learned
Reflection related to:
- The learner considering how an experience made them feel.
- Feelings that are often a result of how the learning experience called to question the student's values, assumption, and other person attributes.